Virologie und Mykologie
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Association of Begomovirus and DNA-Satellites Complex with Enation Leaf Curl and Yellow Vein Mosaic Disease of Hollyhock

K.V.Ashwathappa1*, V.Venkataravanappa1, M. Nandan2, Shridhar Hiremath2, H.D.Vinaykumar2, K. S. Shankarappa3, M. Krishna Reddy1, C.N. Lakshminarayana Reddy2

Hollyhock is one important ornamental plant grown in garden beds across the world. It is susceptible to many diseases caused by diverse pathogens. Among these viral pathogens are causing enormous damage to the hollyhock. The aim of the present study was to identify the begomovirus and DNA satellites associated with the Yellow Vein Mosaic (YVM) and Enation Leaf Curl (EnLC) disease complex of hollyhock. Sample from hollyhock plants exhibiting a typical begomovirus-like symptoms were collected from Pusa campus, New Delhi (India). To know the status of the begomovirus associated with the infected hollyhock samples, total genomic DNA isolated was subjected to PCR amplification using virus specific primer pair. The partial genome (1.2 kb) sequencing of begomovirus associated with ten hollyhock samples (five each from YVM and EnLC pheotype) indicates they shared more homology with begomovirus, Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV). Nucleotide identities between ten hollyhock samples are more than 95 percent. Therefore, two representative samples (H1and H2) showing YVM and one showing EnLC (H3) were selected for full-length genome amplification of the virus using RCA method. The samples showed no amplificatiobn for the DNA-B specific primers and gave amplification to betasatellite ans alphasatellite specific primers, indicating the begomovirus associated with hollyhock as monopartite begomovirus. The pairwise comparision of complete genome of the three begomovirus using Sequence Demarcation Tool (SDT) showed highest nucleotide (nt) identity of 88.0 to 92.7 percent of their genome with CLCuMuV, 92.5-96 per cent of betasatellites sequences with Ludwigia Leaf Distortion Betasatellite (LuLDB) and 90.4 to 93.2 percent of alphasatellites sequences with Ageratum Enation alphasatellite (AEV). Further recombinantion analysis showed that the begomovirus and DNA satellites under study are recombinants originated from previously reported begomoviruses and DNA-satellites.