Immunomforschung
Offener Zugang
ISSN: 1745-7580
ISSN: 1745-7580
Mohamed Jahromi, Adel Ahmed, Kazem Behbehani and Anwar Mohammad
Type I diabetes (TID) is an autoimmune disease (AD) known to trigger retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy. Recent findings suggest that numerous pathways are activated during the course of T1D and that these pathways individually or collectively influence progression to Diabetic Nephropathy (DN).
A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the promoter region of the Olfactory Receptor family 14 (OR14) gene, rs9257691, has been shown to be significantly associated with T1D in general. Recent investigations have emphasized on the significance of OR in diabetic complications. In this pilot study, we sought to confirm these findings by investigating the OR14 gene in a group of patients with and without diabetic complications. A hundred patients with (n=75) and without (n=25) different diabetic complications (i.e. Retinopathy (DR), Neuropathy (DNu) and DN) were recruited. Patients with long term ≥ 20 years history of diabetes with no complications were considered as the control group. Case and control subjects were genotyped for OR14 gene adjacent to the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-F region.
The current results showed that the OR14-CC genotype is more significant in patients with DN, p=0.004, in comparison to groups with other complications. No other statistically significant difference was found among male and female groups. In addition, there was no difference in allelic frequencies of cases compared to control subjects.
This critical analysis indicates that patients with T1D who have the OR14-CC genotype are significantly susceptible to progressive DN. Screening and identifying diabetic patients at risk for future nephropathy would permit better clinical management. However, a large scale association study is recommended to confirm the above findings.