Zeitschrift für klinische und zelluläre Immunologie
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Epigenetic Modifications in the Endocrine System Organs Cancer

Abdelkareem . Ahmed, Mohammed Elmujtba Adam Essa, Fathi Abdallah Mohammed, Ayman Sati Sati Mohamed

Abnormal epigenetic modifications are a trademark of cancer, and endocrine system related organs cancers are without exception. Lately, studies have acknowledged an ever-growing number of epigenetic modifications in both DNA methylation and histone modifications in the endocrine system organs cancers. Novel ultra-deep sequencing and microarray technologies have permitted to study the genome-wide epigenetic patterns in some endocrine system organs cancer types such as parathyroid gland, adrenocortical, and breast carcinomas. However, up till now, in other types of cancer, such as the multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes, thyroid cancer, the tumor information is scare to candidate genes alone. Future research are required to focus in this direction to cover the deepen understanding of the functional role of these epigenetic modifications in endocrine system cancers, as well as defining their possible clinical utilizations.