Zeitschrift für Agrarwissenschaft und Lebensmittelforschung
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Progress in Biotechnological Applications to Coffee Wilt Disease

Admikew Getaneh, Dula Geneti

Molecular markers and biochemical compositions are vital to distinguish genotypes for specific traits and rapid means of identification of important traits. Random amplification of polymorphic DNA- polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) analysis, single-enzyme, agarose gel-based amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), enzymatic digestion of the intergenic spacer (IGS) region, and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis and amplification result showed that there exist distinguishable Arabica and Robusta coffee wilt disease (CWD) pathogenic forms. Based on the translation elongation factor, the calmodulin gene, and the histone gene analysis; four phylogenetic species (PS) within the Gibberella xylarioides complex were identified and are consistent with the four biological species (BS) groups (BS1, BS2, BS3, and SG4). A single mating gene (MAT) gene of two different forms (alleles) (MAT1-1 and MAT1-2) has been described for the Fusarium genome. Polyclonal antibodies rose against the endo-antigens from Fusarium xylarioides of 27 kDa, which is a promising tool for the rapid, sensitive, and accurate detection of the pathogen in soil and plant parts. QTL mapping studies should be initiated using the double haploid CWD-susceptible/ resistant parents and their progenies to identify molecular markers and/or quantitative trait loci associated with resistance to assist in breeding resistant varieties development and isolation of resistance genes for creating bacterial artificial chromosome libraries. Therefore, further efficient and reliable disease screening methods are required, such as in-vitro screening. Moreover, studies should be conducted to discover genetic markers for CWD resistance in the coffee genome and QTL mapping study to develop CWD resistant varieties.