Zeitschrift für klinische und zelluläre Immunologie
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Risk Assessment of Breast Cancer in Women in the Reproductive Age 18-49 Years

Şirin Meyan, Seçil Arıca, İrem Aktar, Naci Şenkal

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the risk of breast cancer, the relationship between breast cancer and body structure and breastfeeding period in women reproductive aged 18-49 who applied to Gaziosmanpaşa Hürriyet Education Family Health Center of İstanbul Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital.

Materials and methods: The women, who were 18-49 years old, volunteer and literate, who were admitted to Gaziosmanpaşa Hürriyet Education Family Health Center of İstanbul Prof.Dr.Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital, "individual feature form" and "breast cancer risk assessment form”, were filled in the patients. In addition, body measurements were taken. Breastfeeding times, self and clinical breast examinations, smoking and alcohol use were questioned. Risk levels of the cases were grouped according to the scores they received from the questionnaire. NCSS (Number Cruncher Statistical System) 2007 (Kaysville, Utah, USA) program was used for statistical analysis. Statistical significance was given as p<0.05 level. The study is a descriptive, cross-sectional study.

Results: The study is about 213 female cases. The ages of the cases ranged between 19 and 49, with an average of 36.86 ± 8.17 years. When the body structures are examined; It was determined that 3.3% (n=7) were weak, 46.5% (n=99) were moderate, 34.7% (n=74) were obese and 15.5% (n=33) were obese. When the body types are examined; 27.7% (n=59) of apples, 69.5% (n=148) of pears and 2.8% (n=6) of hourglass. According to the distributions regarding breast cancer risk assessment form, 93.9% (n=200) of breast cancer risk is low, 3.3% (n=7) is medium risk and 2.8% (n=6) is the highest risk.

According to the age and educational status of the cases (p=0.001, p=0.008; p<0.05). Breast cancer risk levels of the cases do not differ statistically according to their marital status and working status (p>0.05).

While no statistically significant difference was found between the breast circumference measurements of the patients according to breast cancer risk levels (p>0.05), there was a statistically significant difference between the waist circumference and buttocks circumference measurements of the cases (p=0.042; p=0.025). Breast cancer risk levels of the cases do not differ statistically according to their body structures and body types (p>0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the breastfeeding times of cases with children according to breast cancer risk levels (p=0.003; p<0.05).

Conclusion: Although breast cancer risk assessment gives an idea about the level of risk, it does not provide precise information about the possibility of breast cancer. When talking about breast cancer risk, it is necessary to take into consideration the risk of breast cancer, which may occur at a certain time, and since no risk factor can be detected in the majority of women with breast cancer, age-appropriate screening, which is the most important independent risk factor, is required. Obesity should be fought and breastfeeding should be supported.