Zeitschrift für Knochenforschung
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Ruxolitinib Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia-Associated Myelofibrosis: A Case Report

Guillermo J. Ruiz-Argüelles, Guillermo J. Ruiz-Delgado, Evelyn Galo-Hooker and Sergio Sanchez-Sosa

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a heterogenous group of clonal stem cell disorders which generally occur in older adults but may also affect children. Primary MDS should be distinguished from secondary MDS associated with antineoplastic or immunosuppressive therapy (t-MDS), exposure to toxic compounds, or genetic disorders [1]. Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) has been considered a variant of MDS [1] and fibrotic forms have been observed in up to 16% of cases [2]. Accordingly, the histologic evaluation of a trephine bone marrow biopsy is of critical importance for the evaluation of fibrotic or hypocellular MDS since these patterns are not reflected by the cytological examination.