Zeitschrift für Probiotika und Gesundheit
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Timing of Intake and Exercise: Creating a Public Probiotic

Akbar Nikkhah

This article introduces timing of intake and exercise as an innovative public science to improve life quality in the postmodern era. Food intake and exercise at certain times of the circadian phase when the body is internally prepared to optimally bioprocess nutrients can improve metabolism and overall health. Evening and night are usually not the optimal times to consume much energy since human endocrinology has not evolved to optimally assimilate energy overnight. Evening physical activity could improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity and reduce obesity and diabetes risks. More research is required to deepen the current insights and perspectives.