Zeitschrift für Pflanzenbiochemie und -physiologie
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Standardization of Tissue Culture Techniques in Phalaenopsis Orchids

S Parvathy

Every year, hundreds of new species with diverse floral traits, lifestyles, habitat distributions, and trophic patterns are discovered and evolved in the Orchidaceae, the biggest and most fascinating family of flowering plants with over 800 genera and roughly 30,000–35,000 specie. Due to their distinctive use as cut flowers and pot plants, orchids are arguably the most popular decorative crop species in the world. It is a vast and diverse family of flowering plants with important ornamental, medicinal, conservation, and evolutionary research applications. Since ancient times, their ubiquitous beauty has captivated humans. Because of their exotic beauty and long shelf life, orchids are commonly grown as ornamental cut flowers.

Orchid cultivation has really been prominent in tropical and subtropical regions, with many large, mechanized, and well-managed greenhouses. Phalaenopsis is the world's most significant potted orchid, with enormous breeding and in vitro propagation technology achievements in countries such as Belgium, the Netherlands, Taiwan, and Thailand. Another reason for its popularity is the simplicity with which floral induction may be regulated for year-round output. Cut orchids such as Cymbidium, Dendrobium, Oncidium, and Vanda are widely used as cut flowers all around the world. Orchids have become increasingly popular around the world market as a result of their long shelf life, diverse colour palette, and other desirable traits that purchasers want based on their location or culture.