Zeitschrift für Agrarwissenschaft und Lebensmittelforschung
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Abstrakt

Phytochemical and In vitro Assessment of Synergistic and Biofilm Inhibitory Effects of Parthenium hysterophorus L

S.G. Antony Godson

Objective: Parthenium hysterophorus L. extract was employed to ascertain the antimicrobial attributes in combination with standard antibiotics and its biofilm inhibitory effects against some selected pathogens.

Methods: The ethanolic extract was tested for antibacterial susceptibility against gram positive and gram-negative bacteria by employing agar well diffusion method for Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (MBC). The synergistic effect of combined plant extract and antibiotics was assessed using time-kill assay and checkerboard methods. Biofilm inhibition assay was also carried out to test inhibitory effect of plant extract.

Results: The plant extract was extracted to have important phytochemicals and it showed antibacterial activity against all the selected pathogen as on par with standard antibiotics, as maximum of 22 mm diameter of zone of inhibition was observed against B. subtilis; the optimal MIC and MBC was obtained and its index was also measured, with 0.156 mg/ml the extract showed the maximum inhibitory activity against B. subtilis; the biofilm of gram negative bacteria was inhibited by the plant extract marginally higher than the biofilm formed by gram positive bacteria; the time kill assay showed (-2.5 log10 CFU/mL) decrease in cell density by the two times combined effect of extract and antibiotic. Positively agreeing that, one hundred percent of interactions were occurred with B. subtilis. The output comparison between checkerboard and time-kill assays showed the level of agreement is 100% for B. subtilis, the partial agreement was presumed to be with E. coli whereas, others showed a good agreement. Synergisms using the time-kill constituted about 100% in B. subtilis and S. aureus, and K. pneumoniae, while indifference was occurred in E. coli when compared with checkerboard assay.

Conclusion: The assessment proved that P. hysterophorus extract was shown to be having broad spectrum antimicrobial compounds. Hence, further study is indispensable to isolate bioactive pure compounds.